Items of № 8, 2014

The Electrosvyaz Magazine is one of the leading science & technical magazines in Russia.

ANOTHER PARADIGM OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

A.I. Abolitс, close corporation «ITIS», technical adviser, Ph.D.;
abolic@mail.ru

Satellite communication with predominant use of GEO live more 50 years and base on spatial-frequency diversity of orbital position, links, nets and systems there services zones are overlap and have continuous covering of earth surface with diameter of hundreds & thousands km. That fid to mutual interference in dedicated frequency band and trouble in assignment of limited orbital and frequency resources. Be entitled to life a different paradigm with dominant use of non-GEO. It base on spatial-time diversity of links, nets, systems by means of mutual transponder and earth stations antenna pencil beam pointing with not overlap selective covering where have very smaller sizes. Draw a comparison two the approach, consider an advantages and availability of paradigm non-GEO with use of low earth orbit (LEO).
Keywords: geostationary earth orbit (GEO), satellite transponder, earth station, zone of covering, low-orbit multisatellite communication system, phase array antenna, width of pattern.


MODEL OF CELLULAR BASE STATIONS' SIGNALS FOR SOLUTION OF RADIO-FREQUENCY CONTROL PROBLEMS IN THE INFORMATION SECURITY FIELD

A.A. Bylinkin, Moscow State University of Instrument Engineering and Computer Science, associate professor, Ph.D.; andrbylinkin@mail.ru

The article deals with the issues of radio-frequency control, carried out in order to ensure information security of companies. It describes experimental studies of electromagnetic emissions with respect to the solution of problems of detection of signals, carrying confidential information. Signals of cellular base stations are processed using statistical methods. It is shown that quadrature components of the complex spectrum of the signals under analysis have Gaussian distribution for certain values of frequency resolution of the receiving equipment.
Keywords: information security; radio-frequency control; Pearson criterion; signal model.


THE IMPACT OF THE RECEPTION DEVICE’S MOVING SPEED ON THE OFDM SIGNALS' RECEPTION QUALITY

М.А. Bykhovskiy, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); mark_bykh@hotmail.com

The article introduces an analytical method allowing to estimate the impact of moving objects' speed on OFDM signals' noise immunity. The author derives formulas that could be used to determine the impact of moving objects' speed on ODFM singals' noise immunity taking into account a particular frequency band of transmission as well as various basic parameters of this kind of modulation. A comparison of the received results to the ones already known shows that the proposed method allows to estimate, with sufficient precision, the impact of Doppler frequency shift of the received subcarriers' signals on the noise immunity of those signals' reception.
Keywords: mobile signal reception, moving objects' speed, Doppler effect, OFDM modem, transitive noise between subcarriers.


SOFTWARE-DEFINED NETWORKS INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION

V.A. Efimushkin, OJSC «Intellect Telecom», department director, Ph.D.; efimushkin@i-tc.ru
T.V. Ledovskikh, OJSC «Intellect Telecom», department deputy director, Ph.D.; ledovskikh@i-tc.ru
D.M. Korabelnikov, OJSC «Intellect Telecom», leading specialist; korabelnikov@i-tc.ru
D.N. Yazikov, OJSC «Intellect Telecom», leading specialist;
yazikov@i-tc.ru

The article presents analysis of the state of SDN (Software-Defined Network) international standardization. The most significant difference between SDN and traditional network architecture is that the former decouples the control and data planes, employing a specialized protocol for the control data exchange between the two planes (i.e. OpenFlow protocol).
The most significant benefits associated with SDN include centralized management and control of networking devices from multiple vendors, improved automation and management, rapid innovation, increased network reliability and security, more granular network control with the ability to apply comprehensive and wide-ranging policies at the session, user, device, and application levels; better end-user experience.
These benefits considered, it is assumed, that SDN will come to be a new standard for future networks.
The offered analysis provides an opportunity for overall understanding of the international forums‘ approaches to the development of SDN technologies and the road-maps of the standardization initiatives.
Keywords: software-defined network, standardization, protocol, switch, controller, SDN.


COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOFTWARE-DEFINED NETWORKS ARCHITECTURES AND PROTOCOLS

V.A. Efimushkin, OJSC «Intellect Telecom», department director, Ph.D.; efimushkin@i-tc.ru
T.V. Ledovskikh, OJSC «Intellect Telecom», department deputy director, Ph.D.; ledovskikh@i-tc.ru
D.M. Korabelnikov, OJSC «Intellect Telecom», leading specialist; korabelnikov@i-tc.ru
D.N. Yazikov, OJSC «Intellect Telecom», leading specialist; yazikov@i-tc.ru

SDN (Software-Defined Networks) decouple the processes of data transmission from network organization and transmission control processes. It is assumed that the transition to SDN makes it possible to reduce the number of protocols employed and improve the manageability of the network.
SDN-related standards, general approaches to SDN implementation and protocols, both existing and specifically developed for SDN, promoted by various standardization organisations are examined in this article. Specifically, architectures and protocols of ONF (OpenFlow, OF-CONFIG) and IETF (I2RS, PCEP, ForCES).
Keywords: software-defined network, architecture, protocol, switch, controller, SDN.


OPTICAL MULTICHANNEL TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS WITH A FREQUENCY-DIVIDING CHANNELING

S.V. KOSTAREV, Military academy of communications, Chief
B.A. LAPSHIN, Military academy of communications, professor, Dr. Sci. (Tech); balapshin@mail.ru
G.V. MATVEYKIN, Military academy of communications, senior staff scientist; _fenix_@mail.ru

The article considers (as a discussion) an issue of necessity to develop a special channeling equipment of WDM fiber-optic transmission systems where designation of typical WDM channels (herein after standard WDM channels) hierarchy is presupposed. As agreed in the communications technology classification, such systems present multichannel optical transmission system with a frequency-dividing channeling, in which optical channel switching is carried out at the level of typical WDM channels.

Keywords: fiber-optic transmission system, digital transmission system, channeling equipment, switching optical channels, modulator, wave division multiplexer, multilayer optical filter, amplitude corrector, phase corrector, splitter.


THE METHOD OF SELECTING THE CONDUCTORS IN THE ELECTRONIC MEANS TO PERFORM THE ANALYSIS OF RADIATED INTERFERENCE EMISSION

N.V. Lemeshko, National Research University «Higher School of Economics», lecturer, Ph.D.; nlem83@mail.ru
S.S. Zaharova, National Research University «Higher School of Economics», docent, Ph.D.; zaharovasvetlana@yandex.ru

The article is devoted to the development of a method of selection of conductors, which must be performed in the analysis of emissions radiated interference by simulation in order to reduce the computational cost. The proposed method is part of the theory of virtual certification by electronic means emissions emitted interference. The technique is based on the use of circuit add-ons that allow us to estimate the contribution of the current in each of the conductors of electronic means in the form of radiated interference at a given frequency analysis by performing a circuit simulation.
Keywords: virtual certification, modeling, cell primary analysis, formal methods, measuring receiver, selection criteria, rationing.


METHODOLOGY FOR RANKING FRAUD AND DoS THREAT OF SIP BASED ON METHODS OF HIERARCHIES AND COUPLE ANALYSIS

V.A. Matweev, Bauman University (BMSTU), Head of Scientific-Technical Complex Faculty «Informatics and control systems», Head of department «Information Security», professor, Dr.Sci. (Tech.); v.a.matveev@bmstu.ru
A.M. Morozov, Moscow branch of «Rostelecom», leading engineer of the Network of Regional network control center;
a.m.morozov@gmail.com
R.A. Belfer, Bauman University (BMSTU), senior researcher, Ph.D.; a. belfer@yandex.ru

A method of calculating the levels of fraud and DoS threats are in operation in SIP system operator based on the analytic hierarchy process AHP methods and analysis pairs SPA. In the calculations using this technique as well as by two other authors proposed methods (article published in this journal, number 6) accounted for levels of protection against security threats. These values are based on the results of testing with simulated threats acting on the operator‘s network.
Keywords: information security, Softswitch Network, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Set Pairs Analysis (SPA), fraud, Session Initialization Protocol (SIP), risk level of threat, new generation network (NGN), threat, Denial of Service (DoS), Voice over IP (VoIP).


SCREENED TWISTED PAIRS EFFICIENCY OF SCS CABLES TYPE
S/FTP

O.G. Patric, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, department Photonica and Lines of Communication, professor, Ph.D.; oleg. patric@gmail.com
M.Yu. Sverchkova, «Giprospezgas» JSC, engineer;
mawa.spb.gut@mail.ru

Screened twisted pairs efficiency of SCS cables by means of application thin aluminum tape is examined in this article. Theoretical analysis is showed that small step of twirl is not effectively and they must be not less then 30 mm for 7 category cables and 32 mm for 7A category cables.
Keywords: Structural cable system, shielded cable, step of twirl.


THE NEW APPROACH TO OPTICAL COMMUNICATION CABLES' LIGHTNING PROTECTION

S.A. Sokolov, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, professor, Dr. Sci. (Tech.); stanislav.a.sokolov@gmail.com

Long-distance communication lines are realized now essentially by optical cables. Channel capacity, information content and transmission rate have increased manifold as compared with cables with metallic cores. Optical cables can be entirely dielectric and they can have metal in its design. Lightning influence upon these types of cables is different. With packet switching information transfer can realize between two points by different lines. Conditions on these lines can be very different: earth resistivity, type of line and cable, length of line can change. The total sum of possible risks also will be not identical and to depend on an interval of time in which the given configuration is carried out. If communication line has the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) or polarization-division multiplexing with quadrature phase shift keying, during near lightning stroke the polarization plane of spreading light in fiber is rotating under influence of external cross electrical field of lightning. Investigation of lightning has made great success last years. The radiation of X-rays and Gamma-rays of lightning is opened, and this radiation can be dangerous for optical cable. That provokes atom displacement from normal position in crystal lattice and ionization. It leads to atom communication blackout, charge trap and color centers appearance, refraction index and attenuation change. Thus, definition of influence of lightning discharges on lines of NGN (Next Generation Network) is connected with reliability of a line as a whole, and the integrated criterion of an estimation of susceptibility of a line to influence of disturbances must take into account for some different factors and it should be found.
Keywords: lightning, fiber, polarization, packet switching, gamma rays.

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