ON THE EVE OF WRC-19: INTENSIFICATION OF THE STRUGGLE FOR ACCESS TO RADIO FREQUENCY SPECTRUM BETWEEN SATELLITE OPERATORS AND THE 5G COMMUNITY
V.A. Strelets, FSUE NIIR, scientific consultant, Ph.D.; vstrelets2000@mail.ru
Problems of frequency band allocation which should be addressed at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2019 (WRC-19) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) are considered. The positions of the supporters of the terrestrial and satellite components of 5G networks are outlined. The need for a compromise and compliance with the principle of providing communication services to the entire population based on cooperation is shown.
Keywords: International Telecommunication Union, World Radiocommunication Conference, WRC-19, radio frequency spectrum, Radio Regulations, mobile broadband communication,
5G/IMT-2020 networks, satellite systems, fixed-satellite service.
DIGITAL AUDIO RADIO BROADCASTING. STATUS AND PROSPECTS
V.G. Dotolev, FSUE NIIR, EMC Analysis Center, head of a department; v. dotolev@niir.ru
A.V. Lashkevich, FSUE NIIR, EMC Analysis Center, deputy head of a department; a.lashkevich@niir.ru
Systems of terrestrial digital audio broadcasting in different radio waves bands are considered. It is shown that the existing and developing digital audio broadcasting systems are intended for use in various frequency bands in accordance with the conditions of propagation of radio waves and the specifics of using the radio frequency spectrum in these band.
Keywords: digital audio broadcasting, DAB, DRM, HD Radio.
SCALABLE TELEMATICS SYSTEM WITH HF RADIO FOR THE ARCTIC REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATIO
D.V. Luchin, FSUE Branch NIIR — SONIIR, director, Ph. D.; dmyl@soniir.ru
S.L. Gavlievskiy, FSUE Branch NIIR — SONIIR, chief researcher, Samara State Technical University, professor, Ph.D.; gslhome@yandex.ru
E.N. Maslov, FSUE Branch NIIR — SONIIR, leading researcher, Ph.D.; maslov@soniir.ru
The possibilities of creating a scalable telematics system for the Arctic regions of Russia based on the HF radio network, operating under conditions of auroral phenomena in the ionosphere, are considered. The use of popular LPWAN technology is analyzed. A new «long last mile» technology for the Arctic regions is proposed. Scenarios (network solutions) for creating the telematics system are analyzed.
Keywords: Arctic, HF radio communication, auroral oval, Internet of Things, antenna-feeder system, data transfer rate, convergence, Last Mile WAN (LLMWAN).
COSPAS-SARSAT. PREPARATION FOR TYPE APPROVAL TESTS FOR SECOND-GENERATION EMERGENCY RADIO BEACONS
M.B. Protsenko, FSUE Branch NIIR — Sevastopol «Test Center «Omega» (TC «Omega»), director, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); procenko@niir.ru
V.V. Gromozdin, TC «Omega», deputy director for technical development, Ph.D.; gromozdin@niir.ru
V.I. Kovalenko, TC «Omega», lead engineer; kovalenko@niir.ru
E.A. Brusin, FSUE Branch NIIR — LONIIR, head of department NTO-411, Ph.D.; brusinae@loniir.ru
S.A. Zagorodskiy, FSUE Branch NIIR — LONIIR, chief of laboratory ITL-4112; zig@loniir.ru
V.V. Layushka, FSUE Branch NIIR — LONIIR, deputy director of Test Center-10; vvl@loniir.ru
E.A. Mikhailova, FSUE Branch NIIR — LONIIR, leading software engineer; mel@loniir.ru
The main features of the medium-orbital satellite search and rescue system COSPAS-SARSAT and the main technical characteristics of the second generation emergency radio beacons (ERB) are briefly described. The main attention is paid to the measuring stands for testing of second-generation ERBs, developed in branches of the NIIR test center.
Keywords: COSPAS-SARSAT, medium-orbital satellite search and rescue system, second-generation emergency radio beacon, ERB, measuring stand for ERB tests.
EVALUATION OF THE SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO IN 5G WIRELESS ACCESS NETWORKS
D.A. Moltchanov, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), associate professor, Ph.D.; moltchanov. dmitri@gmail.com
R.N. Kovalchukov, RUDN University, postgraduate; rnkovalchukov@sci.pfu.edu.ru
A.Ya. Ometov, National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University), research fellow; aometov@hse.ru
Y.A. Koucheryavy, HSE University, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); yevgeni. koucheryavy@gmail.com
A.K. Samuylov, RUDN University, associate professor, Ph.D.; aksamuylov@gmail.com
K.E. Samuylov, RUDN University, professor, Dr.Sci.(Phys.-Math.); ksam@sci.pfu.edu.ru
The communication scenarios arising in communication networks of millimeter frequency range with transmitting and receiving directional antennas, random heights, different provisions of objects, as well as in cases of blocking the radio signal propagation paths are analyzed. Expressions for the average value of the interference and the signal-to-noise ratio are presented. A numerical study of the obtained metrics was carried out to identify the critical effects associated with three-dimensional interaction scenarios in millimeter communication networks.
Keywords: millimeter frequency band, mmWave, frequancy band, 5G, antenna arrays, interference, signal-to-noise ratio, SNR.
INDICATORS, CRITERIA, AND MEASURES OF ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RADIOFREQUENCY SPECTRUM USE
S.V. Kizima, expert of ITU, FSUE NIIR, scientific advisor, Dr.Sci.(Tech); StanislavKizima@mail.ru
E.E. Devyatkin, FSUE NIIR, EMC Analysis Center, deputy director, Ph.D.(Econ.); edevyatkin@niir.ru
D.A. Paltsyn, FSUE GRFC, director of communications department; d.paltsyn@grfc.ru
For analyzing the state of the radio spectrum and developing recommendations for improving the
efficiency of its use, it is necessary to take into account a variety of indicators, criteria, and measures that determine the size of the positive effect of the use of socially significant radio technologies. The article presents a systematic review of the nomenclature, substance, and features of determining the quantitative values of technical and economic indicators of the effectiveness of the use of the radiofrequency spectrum.
Keywords: efficiency of use of radio frequency spectrum, radio technology, subjects of use of spectrum, indicators, measures, integrated assessment of efficiency.
MEASURING ACTIVE DIPOLE ANTENNA ADA-1M
Yu.A. Nikitin, FSUE NIIR-LONIIR, head of the laboratory 102, associate professor, Ph.D.; yuriyan@list.ru
S.A. Belov, FSUE NIIR-LONIIR, head of the laboratory sector 1022; emc@loniir.ru
S.Yu. Chernyavskiy, NITA, LLC, electronics engineer; ttl1@rambler.ru
A small-sized broadband active dipole antenna ADA-1M, intended for measuring electric fields in the frequency range from 30 Hz to 30 MHz is described.
Keywords: active antenna, dipole antenna, field strength, electric field, antenna factor.
NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND PARADIGMS OF ERRORCORRECTING CODING: AFTER SOLVING THE SHANNON’S PROBLEM
Yu.B. Zubarev, JSC MNITI, advisor to the general director, professor, corresponding member of the RAS; osa@mniti.ru
V.V. Zolotarev, Space Research Institute of the RAS, leading researcher, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); zolotasd@yandex.ru
G.V. Ovechkin, Ryazan State Radio Engineering University, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); g_ovechkin@mail.ru
The situation in the applied research of coding theory after the solution of the Shannon problem by the optimization theory (OT) of error-correcting coding is analyzed. Unresolved problems of classical (algebraic) coding theory are discussed. The next tasks of the development of the OT are outlined and methods for their solution are proposed. The wide possibilities of new versions of the Viterbi algorithm are stated.
Keywords: digital communication systems, data storage systems, error-correcting coding, block Viterbi algorithm (BVA), computer modeling, self-orthogonal codes, symbolic codes, concatenated codes, multi-threshold decoders (MTD), divergent coding, fast decoders.
INCREASE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS BY DEMODULATION OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL SIGNALS WITH THE ERASURE OF
«UNRELIABLE» SYMBOLS
M.A. Bykhovskiy, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); bykhmark@gmail.com
The possibility of creating a communication system that ensures high reliability of message reception, as well as high energy and spectral efficiency that are close to the characteristics of the «ideal» Shannon system, is shown. In such a system, multidimensional signal ensembles
are utilized for message transmission and then demodulation is applied to the received signals with the «erasure» of those signals whose reliable reception is impossible. To restore «erased» characters in such a system cascade code is applied. It is shown that such a system can ensure a rather low probability of erroneous signal reception by using multidimensional signals with
relatively short duration.
Keywords: increase of energy efficiency of communication networks, elimination of «unreliable» symbols during signal demodulation, noise immunity coding.
ANALYSIS OF THE AVAILABILITY OF IOT SERVICES IN NARROWBAND LPWAN WIRELESS NETWORKS
V.A. Grigorev, ITMO University, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); vgrig@rdnet.ru
V.N. Kharin, ITMO University, associate professor, Ph.D.; kh. vet@labics.ru
I.I. Bondareva, ITMO University, postgraduate; Irabond. sv@yandex.ru
M. Myint, ITMO University, postgraduate; myomyint@itmo.ru
The article assesses the possibilities of implementing IoT services in narrowband LPWAN wireless networks. It is shown that the essential factors in determining key characteristics are both the capabilities of a particular technology and the administrative constraints determined by the system of regulatory documents that establish mandatory requirements in the telecommunications services market.
Keywords: Internet of Things, Low-Power Wide-Area Network, LPWAN, XNB technology, LoRa technology, capital expenditure, operating expenses, LPWAN network economic profit, techno-economic.