UPDATING APPROACHES TO THE REGULATION OF THE
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS CREATED BY 5G NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES
Yu.M. Spodobaev, FSUE Branch NIIR — SONIIR, chief researcher, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); spod@soniir.ru
Sanitary and hygienic requirements, which are regulated by legal and methodical documents, should be imposed on the 5G network fragments that emit electromagnetic energy. In the past, the expert community, which discussed and agreed on the methodology, principles, normative and methodological documents and materials, necessarily included radiation physics specialists, that had a positive impact not only on the quality of methods of calculation and instrumental control, but also on biomedical experiments and the development of remote sensing. Errors in the interpretation of the scale of effects illustrate the consequences of the deviation from such practices. It is necessary to move forward in the harmonization of domestic and foreign standards, as well as to remove obstacles to the development of modern microwave wireless communication technologies.
Keywords: 5G technologies, EMF radiation, microwave range, EMF regulation, medical and biological experiments, hygienic standards, principles of development, scale of impacts, harmonization of standards.
EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF PROTECTION RATIOS FOR DVB-T2 SIGNALS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF NARROW-BAND UNSTEADY INTERFERENCE
N.V. Lemeshko, JSC Corporation Cometa, leading researcher, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); nlem83@mail.ru
S.S. Zaharova, Higher School of Economics, teacher, Ph.D.; ZaharovaSvetlana@yandex.ru
The issue of the impact of non-stationary narrowband radio interference on broadcasting signals with digital modulation is considered. A significant dependence of the protection ratios on the dynamics of a narrow-band interference at its location in the spectrum of the useful signal is shown. An experimental analysis of this dependence is carried out using the example of a DVB-T2 signal with a specific type of modulation.
Keywords: electromagnetic compatibility, non-stationary interference, cognitive technology, pseudo-random tuning of radio frequencies.
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES OF RUSSIAN SCIENTISTS IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
S.D. Erokhin, MTUCI, rector, associate professor; Ph.D.; esd@mtuci.ru
The article provides an analysis of research and publication activity of Russian scientists in artificial intelligence and machine learning. The resources of the Scopus information bases and Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) were used for the analysis. It is shown that despite the rapid growth of scientific and publication activities of Russian scientists in the field of artificial intelligence over the past 15 years, their share in global research is insignificant.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, machine learning, publishing activities, RCSI, Scopus.
DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS FOR THE RESEARCH OF INFLUENCE OF LENGTHS OF CODE AND INFORMATION SEQUENCES ON THE PROBABILITY OF A PACKET LOSS BY THE RECEIVER
N.V. Britvin, Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI), postgraduate, Design Information Technologies Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, junior researcher; britvin. nickita@yandex.ru
Eu.O. Karpukhin, MAI, associate professor, Design Information Technologies Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, senior researcher, Ph.D.; ret1987@yandex.ru
The options of calculation of the probability of packet loss on the party of the receiver caused by data distortion and insufficient code correction for recovering of the lost packets are considered. Probability of packet loss is obtained for the linear network code which recovers the lost packets. The use of the developed models will allow choosing the optimal lengths of the code and information sequences, which minimize packet loss by the receiver during their assembly and, as a result, requests for the retransmission taking into account maximization of the code speed. It will solve the problem of head-of-line blocking, and as a result, will reduce the time of assembling the data by the receiver.
Keywords: head-of-line blocking, transport coding, data-driven interaction, ARQ/FEC, network code.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TIME SCALE PRECESSIONAL GENERATOR
D.K. Mazurenko, FSUE ZNIIS, head of department, Ph.D.; dm.ma2010@yandex.ru
The time scale generator belongs to devices for synchronizing signals in frequency, phase shift and time scale used in time standard systems. The proposed technical implementation of time scale generator, which has a precision periodic auto-tuning of the time points of the internal generator pulse sequence, allows increasing the time scale synchronization accuracy. The issues
connected with the errors arising in the transmission of accurate time signals over a packet-switched network are considered.
Keywords: exact times support, network synchronization, coordinated universal time, precision time protocol, time stamps generator.
A NEW MULTILEVEL MEC BASED SCHEME FOR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT IN AR BASED NETWORKS
M.A. Makolkina, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications (SPbSUT), department of communication networks and data transmission, associate professor, Ph.D.; makolkina@list.ru
A.A. Ateya, SPbSUT, department of communication networks and data transmission, postgraduate;eng.abdelhamied@hotmail.com
A.S.A. Muthanna, SPbSUT, department of communication networks and data transmission, associate professor, Ph.D.; ammarexpress@gmail.com
A.Eu. Koucheriavy, SPbSUT, head of the department of communication networks and data transmission, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); akouch@mail.ru
Augmented reality is one of the most important applications of 5G networks. However, the augmented reality services requirements are quite stringent, especially in terms of the end-to-end latency, the acceptable value of which is determined by the value of 5 ms. It requires the development of adequate solutions for the network structure, which in 5G networks are based on mobile edge computing technology. A modified version of network structure and a new method of traffic offloading for augmented reality applications are proposed.
Keywords: augmented reality, mobile edge computing, traffic offloading, latency, energy, 5G network.
SECURITY OF IIoT-DEVICES IN THE MQTT NETWORK
Eu.V. Vitomsky, MAI, department of radio systems and control complexes, information transmission and information security, senior lecturer; euvit@yandex.ru
D.V. Kulikov, MAI, department of radio systems and control complexes, information transmission and information security, master student; KulikovDV@protonmail.com
The main issues of information security when using the MQTT Protocol for devices of Industrial Internet of Things, as well as the principles of the IIoT systems are analyzed.
Keywords: IoT, IIoT, MQTT, security analysis.
THEORETICAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF ENHANCING THE TRANSMISSION PERFORMANCE OF THE OPTICAL ACCESS NETWORKS USING ME-SOA
Yazbeck, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Engineering Academy, postgraduate; 1 042 175 153@pfur.ru
M. Hamze, Arts, Sciences and Technology University in Lebanon, lecturer, Ph.D.; Mohamad. hamze@aul.edu.lb
A. Hamie, Arts, Sciences and Technology University in Lebanon, dean of the Engineering Academy, professor; ahamie@gmail.com
V.V. Belyaev, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Engineering Academy, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); vic_belyaev@mail.ru
A numerical study of the transmission behavior of adaptively modulated optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (AMOOFDM) signals, in intensity modulation direct detection (IMDD) systems, for the first time using multi-electrode semiconductor optical amplifier
(ME-SOA) as an intensity modulator. The previous work achieved 30 Gbps transmission for one optical channel for distances up to 60 km. Thus, our work is extending the transmission reach of the optical access network and increasing the transmission capacity at the same time. A theoretical model developed representing the characteristics of the ME-SOA-IM and according to the optimum operating conditions specified. ME-SOA-IM have a higher electrical bandwidth as opposed to the single electrode SOA, and this allowed sending higher bitrate. Besides, it offers a 10 dB reduction in the modulator CW optical input power structures for future IMDD systems incorporating AMOOFDM for next-generation optical access networks.
Keywords: semiconductor optical amplifier, SOA, multi-electrode semiconductor optical amplifier, ME-SOA, adaptively modulated optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, AMOOFDM.
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE PROTECTIVE COATING PROPERTIES ON THE RELIABILITY OF OPTICAL FIBER
I.A. Ovchinnikova, JSC VNIIKP, head of the telecommunication cable and wire division, Ph.D.;
irovchinnikova@gmail.com
D.A. Tarasov, JSC VNIIKP, head of the department of optical cables; d.tarasov@vniikp.ru
The paper presents the result of tests of single-mode optical fibers with double-layer acrylate primary coating after long exposure at elevated temperature. Influence of high temperature on properties of optical fiber and its primary coating is evaluated. It is shown that optical fibers with acrylate UV-curable coatings preserve their properties after exposure at 100 °C during 500 hours.
Keywords: optical fiber, acrylate primary coatings, reliability, increased temperature.
METHOD OF IDENTIFICATION OF INTERFERENCE ZONES AND HANDLING OF ECHO SIGNALS IN SFN NETWORKS
V.L. Karyakin, Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications & Informatics, department of radio electronic systems, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); vl@karyakin.ru
The method of identification of interference zones and the method of echo signals processing to ensure a stable TV reception in single frequency networks (SFN) are considered. Problem zones are determined by comparison of the spectral power density of the main signal and echo signals in each broadcasting zone and also by introduction of additional delays of transmitters' emission according to the specified basic parameters of a SFN.
Keywords: single-frequency networks, bit error rate, interference, distortion, echo signals processing.
THE ACCURACY OF TRIGONOMETRIC INTERPOLATION OF DISCRETE SIGNALS WITH EVEN NUMBER OF SAMPLING POINTS
S.V. Porshnev, Ural Federal University (UrFU), head of the training and research center Information Security, Ph.D.; sergey_porshnev@mail.ru
D.V. Kusaykin, UrFU, training and research center Information Security, associate professor, Ph.D.; kusaykin@mail.ru
This paper introduces two new algorithms for reconstruction of discrete-time finite length signals with even number of samples using trigonometric interpolation. The reconstruction error of known algorithms and proposed algorithms are calculated. It is shown that the reconstruction error of discrete signal represents the sum of the monotonously decaying and periodic component. The causes of this periodic component are explained.
Keywords: trigonometric interpolation, reconstruction accuracy, signal reconstruction algorithm, interpolation error, trigonometric polynomial, even number of samples.
MODIFIED DIJKSTRA ALGORITHM FOR SEARCH OF INDEPENDENT SHORTEST PATHS BY MEANS OF FIBONACCI HEAP
S.A. Jasinskii, FSUE ZNIIS — LO ZNIIS, scientific advisor, associate professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); yasinsky777@mail.ru
A.V. Ermakov, FSUE ZNIIS — LO ZNIIS, associate professor, Ph.D.; ermakov-it@yandex.ru
A.N. Zyuzin, Budyonny Military Communications Academy, teacher, Ph.D.; alexz01@bk.ru
The article provides a modified Dijkstra algorithm for search of independent shortest paths on communication networks, taking into account the use of the Fibonacci mathematical apparatus when implementing a queue of nodes with time stamps. The developed modified algorithm can be used in calculations intended for optimization and distribution of communication network resources.
Keywords: sorting and searching, Fibonacci search, Fibonacciheaps, Dijkstra algorithm modification, independent shortest paths.
COORDINATE AND MOTION PARAMETERS ESTIMATION OF EMITTING OBJECTS WITH BALLISTIC TRAJECTORY UNDER LOW SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO CONDITION
M.I. Sychev, MAI, department of radiolocation, radio navigation and onboard equipment, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); sychev@mai.ru
D.S.Golenko, MAI, department of radiolocation, radio navigation and onboard equipment, Ph.D. student; ddiimmaann@yandex.ru
The problem of measurement origin uncertainty when tracking a ballistic target under low signal to noise ratio condition is considered. Two modifications of probabilistic data association algorithm are proposed. Simulation results of the target tracking are provided.
Keywords: target tracking, ballistic trajectory, multiple model filtration, signal to noise ratio, data association.