Items of № 9, 2017

The Electrosvyaz Magazine is one of the leading science & technical magazines in Russia.

THE NATIONAL RADIOMONITORING SYSTEMS: СURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS

V.O. Aksenov, ITMO University, head of the laboratory of the wireless telecommunications department, «Laboratory of Infocomunication Networks» Ltd, engineer; vladaksi@labics.ru

Radio control systems allow to obtain objective data about the current state of RF spectrum use. Complicating of the electromagnetic environment leads to the necessity of continuous increase in costs of creation and operation of radiomonitoring system. The search for ways to reduce costs is based on the analysis of existing experience and leading trends in the development of national radiomonitoring systems for countries with different area, density of population, and the complexity of the radio frequency environment.
Keywords: radio control, radiomonitoring, radio frequency spectrum, radio communication technologies, national RF spectrum management system, national radiomonitoring system, radio frequency environment.


INCREASE OF EFFICIENCY OF RADIOMONITORING SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF THE RISK-ORIENTED APPROACH

V.A. Grigoryev, ITMO University, head of the wireless telecommunications department, «Laboratory of Infocommunication Networks» Ltd, general director, professor, Dr.Sci. (Tech.); vgrig@rdnet.ru
I.A. Khvorov, ITMO University, wireless telecommunications department, associate professor, «Laboratory of Infocommunication Networks» Ltd, head of department, Ph.D.; khvorov@labics.ru
V.N. Kharin, ITMO University, wireless telecommunications department, associate professor, «Laboratory of Infocommunication Networks» Ltd, head of department, Ph.D.; kh. vet@labics.ru
V.O. Aksenov, ITMO University, head of the laboratory of the wireless telecommunications department, «Laboratory of Infocommunication Networks» Ltd, engineer; vladaksi@labics.ru

The new principles of the radiomonitoring system organization based on the risk-oriented approach are presented. The key idea is the rejection of the planned format of radiomonitoring activities and the transition to the permanent control regime on a territorial basis and introduction of radiomonitoring subsystem. The main principles of functioning and stages of development of the advanced radiomonitoring system are presented.
Keywords: radio control system, radiomonitoring system, radio frequency spectrum management, risk-oriented approach, automated radiomonitoring system.


PLANNING OF RADIOMONITORING BASED ON THE RISK-ORIENTED APPROACH

V.A. Grigoryev, ITMO University, head of the wireless telecommunications department, «Laboratory of Infocommunication Networks» Ltd, general director, professor, Dr.Sci. (Tech.); vgrig@rdnet.ru
V.N. Kharin, ITMO University, wireless telecommunications department, associate professor, «Laboratory of Infocommunication Networks» Ltd, head of department, Ph.D.; kh. vet@labics.ru
V.O. Aksenov, ITMO University, head of the laboratory of the wireless telecommunications department, «Laboratory of Infocommunication Networks» Ltd, engineer; vladaksi@labics.ru
A. Mehrafzuni, ITMO University, wireless telecommunications department, postgraduate student; mehrafzun@inbox.ru

The article proposes an approach to the planning of radio spectrum monitoring activities, based on the assessment of the risks of damage due to violations of spectrum use rules. The model of the control object in the form of a set of spatial clusters containing some set of transmitters with a set of signs of violations is considered. To reduce the cost of spectrum monitoring, it is suggested to use procedures that include monitoring of the signs of violations in each cluster and monitoring of transmitters emissions. Based on the risk assessment algorithm, it is possible to create a risk map that allows to calculate the optimal routes of radiomonitoring means movement with the determination of preferred radiomonitoring and control locations. Calculated and experimental estimates of the gain from the application of the proposed model of planning of radio monitoring activities are presented depending on various factors.
Keywords: spectrum monitoring system, radiomonitoring, control of spectrum use, risk-oriented approach, risk of violation of spectrum use rules, maximum damage, residual damage, prevented damage.


PRACTICAL ESTIMATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC AND INTERFERENCE ENVIRONMENT AT THE POINT OF LOCATION OF MEASUREMENTS IN GNSS FREQUENCY BANDS

S.V. Kizima, ITU expert, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); 5 314 368@mail.ru
V.A. Sklyarov, Research and production company Radian-M, division manager, Ph.D.; 79 042 139 920@yandex.ru
P.V. Korobeynikov, Research and production company Radian-M, division manager; pavel@radian-m.ru
S.I. Miyusov, Research and production company Radian-M, leading specialist; miyusov@radian-m.ru

The article considers the technology of estimating the electromagnetic and interference environment at the point of the assessment for evaluation of propagation conditions of signals of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems. Estimation of electromagnetic and interference environment is based on receiving and processing data of the integral energy parameters of observed spectrum in GNSS frequency bands. Complex representation of the parameters of the electromagnetic and interference environment is visually presented in the form of special diagrams of the spatial distribution of spectrum energy. The application of the presented technology allows to carry out informative operational assessment of the electromagnetic and interference situation in the specified radio frequency bands at the point of the assessment site.
Keywords: satellite navigation, Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), navigation consumer equipment, electromagnetic noise background, interference effects, jammers, radiomonitoring, electromagnetic and interference environment, energy characteristics, emission levels, spectrum of emissions, frequency band, spatial distribution diagram, point of location of measurements.


IMPLEMENTATION CONDITIONS OF NB-IoT TECHNOLOGY IN MOBILE NETWORKS

V.G. Skrynnikov, MTS PJSC, expert, Ph.D.; vskrynnikov@list.ru

The main conditions of compatibility of NB-IoT channels in the operating mobile networks are considered. These conditions are formulated on the basis of generalization of research results of 3GPP and ECC (CEPT) for in-band, guardband and standalone NB-IoT channels. The requirements for combining of these channels in GSM and LTE networks are presented.
Keywords: GSM, EC-GSM, Extended Coverage GSM, LTE, IoT, NB-IoT, NB-IoT in-band operation, NB-IoT guard-band operation, NB-IoT standalone operation, RB, resource block, electromagnetic compatibility.


LPWAN IMPLEMENTATION ASPECTS FOR IoT

K. Falkovich, Geyser-Telecom Ltd., head of system integration department; falkovich@geyser-telecom.ru
O. S. Kurilov, Geyser-Telecom Ltd., depurty head of system integration department; kurilov@geyser-telecom.ru

The article summarizes the experience of a Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) deployment based on the LoRaWAN technology in the IoT Laboratory of Geyser-Telecom, Ltd. Some results of work on this direction are summed up and possible practical solutions based
on the LoRaWAN technology are proposed.
Keywords: Internet of Things, low power consumption, long battery life, LoRaWAN, LPWAN, LoRaWAN end-node, LoRaWAN gateway, ISM frequency range, sub-gigahertz frequency range.


THE WAYS OF IMPROVEMENT OF THE TECHNIQUE OF THE CALCULATION OF SPECTRUM FEE FOR MOBILE OPERATORS

E.Eu. Volodina, MTUCI, associate professor, Ph.D.; evolodina@list.ru
Eu.Eu. Devyatkin, FSUE NIIR, head of the laboratory of the Scientific and Technical Center of Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis, Ph.D.; deugene@list.ru
T.A. Sukhodolskaya, FSUE NIIR, head of sector of the Scientific and Technical Center of Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis; sta@niir.ru

The article describes background for improving methodology of determining the fee for the use of the radio-frequency spectrum (RFS). The analysis of cost for managing the use of radio-frequency spectrum, as well as the cost of operators for paying for the radio-frequency spectrum in Russia and abroad, is analyzed. Suggestions and possible ways for correction of spectrum fee in order to reduce it are provided.
Keywords: radio frequency spectrum, mobile communications, single and annual spectrum fee, technique, methods, operator’s revenues, adjustment coefficients.


THE METHOD OF SELF-ORGANIZATION OF A DISCRETE WIRELESS NETWORK BASED ON DUTY CYCLE WITH TWO ACTIVE PHASES

S.N. Padalko, Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI), head of applied informatics department, professor, Dr. Sci. (Tech.); snp@inmas.ru
O.L. Smirnov, JSC IAS, chairman of board of directors, MAI, applied informatics department, professor, Dr. Sci.(Tech.); smirnov@iasnet.ru
M.N. Terentiev, MAI, applied informatics department, associate professor, Ph.D.; m-te@yandex.ru

As a development of the discrete operation mode of wireless sensor networks (WSN), it is proposed to divide the period of operation of the WSN into two active phases and two sleep phases. The first active phase is intended for retransmission of network information, the second active phase is intended for transmitting measurement results. Individual selection of the active phase schedule allows to significantly reduce energy consumption by the nodes. Preliminary calculations show that the durability of the WSN nodes increases by at least three times.
Keywords: wireless sensor network, self-organization method, durability, discrete mode, two active phases, schedule, data aggregation.


LARGE-SCALE OBJECTS MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON A MULTIPLE-GATEWAY WSN WITH AUTONOMOUS FAULT-TOLERANT WEB CLIENTS

I.B. Ginzburg, Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI), applied informatics department, senior lecturer, Ph.D.; iliagi@mail.ru
S.N. Padalko, MAI, head of applied informatics department, professor, Dr. Sci. (Tech.); snp@inmas.ru
M.N. Terentiev, MAI, applied informatics department, associate professor, Ph.D.; m-te@yandex.ru

The monitoring system that supports the possibility of falt-tolerant remote monitoring of large scale objects, including dangerous ones, with minimal human participation is proposed. Fault-tolerance, treated as minimization of losses of measurement data due to possible disconnections both between network nodes and between them and the terminal displays, is provided through intranet self-organization, the use of multiple gateways and autonomous fail-safe web clients. Arbitrary stationary and mobile devices with a standard web browser can be used as the terminals for displaying measurement data. The application of such a system in the quality control of extinguishing of peat fires is considered.
Keywords: wireless sensor networks, standalone web applications, remote monitoring, remote sensing, peat fire extinguishing quality control.


INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF INTENTIONAL ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES ON THE DATA TRANSMISSION IN Wi-Fi NETWORK (IEEE 802.11AC)

A.A. Razumov, SPbSUT, department of communication networks and data transmission, postgraduate student; gagarn@bk.ru
The article presents the results of an experimental study of the effect of intentional electromagnetic pulses on the wireless data transmission channels of the Internet of Things using the example of the IEEE 802.11ac standard. The research is based on a simulation model developed in Matlab. Conclusions are drawn about the effect of various network parameters on the noise immunity of the system under consideration.
Keywords: data transmission, electromagnetic waves, communication channel, impact, error.

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