Items of № 5, 2017

The Electrosvyaz Magazine is one of the leading science & technical magazines in Russia.

AT THE JUNCTION OF SPACE AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS LAW: SATELLITE ORBITS AND FREQUENCY REGULATIONS FOR NONGEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE SYSTEMS

V.A. Strelets, Radio Regulations Board of ITU, member, Ph.D.; vstrelets2000@mail.ru

It was shown that multi-satellite communication systems based non-geostationary satellite orbit require broadband allocations of radio frequency spectrum toensure electromagnetic ompatibility with space and terrestrial radiocommunication services. The historical review of the international regulations on the use of radio-frequency spectrum by satellite systems on non-geostationary satellite orbit (non-GSO) indicates that the period 1995−2000 was marked by innovative solutions both in technical and regulatory terms — ITU had developed regulations in a timely manner, assisting operators of non-GSO MSS and FSS projects to realize their plans. The main directions of the international regulations on the use of spectrum by non-geostationary satellite systems are being analyzed. It is noted that, because of the complexity of the non-GSO systems, the difficulties of interference simulation in the constantly changing environment, the operational features of such systems, another breakthrough is needed in the ITU-R studies, which expected to result in the adoption at the World Radiocommunication Conference in 2019 of international regulations governing the orbit-spectrum use by non-geostationary satellite systems.
Keywords: international space treaties, space, international regulations of orbit-spectrum use, Radio Regulations, geostationary and non-geostationary satellite systems.


THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERNATIONAL SPACE LAW IN THE MITIGATION AND CONSEQUENCES LIQUIDATION OF DISASTERS AND CATASTROPHES

A.M. Solntsev, RUDN University, deputy head of the department of international law, Ph.D.; a. solntsew@gmail.com
D.A. Kruglov, RUDN University, department of international law, postgraduate student; dm.a.kruglov@gmail.com
P.A. Shamarin, RUDN University, department of state and municipal management, master student; shamarin.petr@gmail.com

International initiatives aimed at using information obtained through space activities for the prevention, mitigation of disasters and for relief operations are being considered. The international legal mechanisms for improving this activity are examined. It is demonstrated that the use of such space technology, as Earth observation, meteorology, navigation and telecommunication satellite systems, plays an essential role in prevention of natural and man-made disasters and reducing all the negative consequences caused by them.
Keywords: natural disasters, technological disasters, space meteorology, satellite navigation and telecommunications systems, remote sensing of the Earth, International Charter «Space and Major Disasters», UN-SPIDER, COSPAS-SARSAT, International Telecommunication Union, World Meteorological Organization.


AT THE CROSSROADS: THE OUTCOME OF THE 56 TH SESSION OF THE UN COPUOS LEGAL SUBCOMMITTEE

O.A. Volynskaya, Institute of International Economy and Finance, Russian Foreign Trade Academy of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, research assistant, LL. M in EU law, Ph.D.; o.a.volynskaya@gmail.com

The article presents a political-legal overview of the main results of the 56th session of the Legal Subcommittee (LSC) of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and prospects for its future work. For more than half a century the LSC has been a unique international cooperation forum whose decisions determine the character of international legal regulation of all space activities undertaken by countries all over the world. In light of the recent weakening of the LSC’s role the initiative by certain states to stimulate, through national legal mechanisms, the development of private business in space is highly relevant. Such unilateral actions have served as a very timely and powerful incentive to provoke discussions in the LSC and paved the way for the Subcommittee to prove once again its competence in addressing the most acute problems of international space law.
Keywords: international space law, Outer Space Treaty, UN COPUOS, Legal Subcommittee, space resources.


FIFTH GENERATION NETWORKS AS A BASE TO THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

A.S. Borodin, PJSC Rostelecom, сhief ITU office, Ph. D.; aleksey.borodin@rt.ru
A.E. Koucheryavy, The Bonch-Bruevich SPbSUT, head of department, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); akouch@mail.ru

The features of the 5G networks were analyzed. The 5G networks are considered as a base of the digital economy. The focus of the investigation is the network architecture, ultralow latency and Tactile Internet. Main conclusion of the study is the following: the deployment of the 5G networks with Tactile Internet realization leads to networks decentralization and de-globalization of the economy.
Keywords: 5G network, Tactile Internet, networks decentralization, de-globalization of the economy, digital economy.


HIGHLY RELIABLE RING WDM-PON STRUCTURE IN BROADBAND ACCESS NETWORKS

V.V. Efimov, FSUE Branch ZNIIS-LO ZNIIS, acting director, Ph.D., associate professor; vve@loniis.ru
A.P. Vandich, FSUE Branch ZNIIS-LO ZNIIS, head of laboratory, Ph.D.; vandich@loniis.org
I.E. Nikulskiy, JSC CSPA Leninetz, chief specialist, chief designer deputy, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); i. nikulsky@npo-leninetz.ru
O.A. Stepulenok, JSC CSPA Leninetz, leading engineer; ostepulenok@mail.ru

The article is devoted to the applied aspects of a highly reliable self-restoring single-fiber ring WDM-PON structures construction with wave channels duplication. New technology of ring highly reliable broadband network structures construction is proposed implemented on the electronic component basis of fiber-optic elements available in the domestic market. Reliability model of proposed network structure is presented.
Keywords: highly reliable ring passive wave division optical network, optical multiplexer, add drop multiplexer, automatic performance restoration, readiness factor.


APPROACH TO CONVERSION OF OVERLAY NETWORK QoS QUOTA SET TO A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK QoS QUOTA SET

A.A. Dvornikov, Higher School of Economics — National Research University, postgraduate student; advornikov@hse.ru

Approach to conversion of QoS quota set related to an overlay network to a quota set supported by a wireless sensor network is proposed. The approach allows to design software and hardware that provide services of overlay channels and overlay networks over a wireless sensor network. The main services running on a base network are unaffected. The approach illustrated by an emergency text message overlay network over LoRaWAN wireless sensor network.
Keywords: wireless sensor network, overlay channel, overlay network, QoS, parameter quota, quota set conversion, emergency text message transmission.


PARAMETRIC SIMULATION OF RADIO ENGINEERING DEVICES AT THE SYSTEM DESIGN STAGE

A.S. Kuznetsov, Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI), department «Radio electronics for flying vehicles», engineer; askuznetsov. gmp@gmail.com
S.N. Kuznetsov, MAI, department «Radio electronics for flying vehicles», associate professor, Ph. D.; serghei-k@mail.ru
M.N. Ushkar, MAI, head of department «Design and technology RES», professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); ushkarm@mail.ru

The method of using parametric simulation for a choice of an optimal variant of creation of the radio engineering device (system) is considered. It is suggested to use the information approach for estimating the degree of coincidence of parametric models high productive preparation modules with the values of the parameters specified in requirements specification. The degree of coincidence is estimated by three criteria: informative, adequacy and accuracy. Estimation of informative and adequacy of parametric models is based on a comparison of the entropy obtained before and after covering the structural element of the radio engineering devices by the model of the corresponding module. The accuracy of the model is estimated by the deviation of the values of the parameters of the parametric models of high productive preparation modules from the values of the similar parameters of the corresponding structural element. It is shown that the suggested method allows to solve the problem of parametric synthesis of the effective structure of a radio engineering device.
Keywords: radio engineering devices, parametric simulation, high productive preparation modules, databases, electronic archive, information entropy, Unified system of design documentation.


OPERATIONAL PREDICTION OF OPTIMUM WORKING FREQUENCIES FOR LONG DISTANCE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS

D.B. Rozhdestvensky, V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, senior researcher, Ph.D.; veraro2011@yandex.ru
N.Yu. Efimova, International Telecommunication Academy, adviser of president; nfo@ita.org.ru

Methods of moving average and moving median that widely used to construct empirical models in predicting the optimal operating frequencies are analyzed. The causes of the resulting distortion are demonstrated. The methodological basis of processing the results of discrete observations, designed for the prediction of the operational mode values of optimal operating frequencies for the selected radio channel, are described. On the base of digital extrapolation method, it is proposed the method of predicting the observational data. The conditions of extrapolarity of real process is given. The software for the implementation of the OWF forecast in real time is developed.
Keywords: ionosphere, operational forecast, optimal operating frequency, extrapolation.


ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR BUILDING OF DATA TRANSMISSION NETWORK WITH HIGH REQUIREMENTS FOR INFORMATION SECURITY, RELIABILITY AND DELAY

V.A. Matveev, Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU), head of scientific-technical complex facility of informatics and control systems, head of department of information security, professor, Dr.Sci.(Tech.); v.a.matveev@bmstu.ru
R.A. Belfer, BMSTU, department of information security, senior researcher, associate professor, Ph.D.; a. belfer@yandex.ru
A.V. Kravtsov, Scientific Research Institute of Scientific Research (Moscow) Central Research Institute of the Air Forces, senior researcher; skyak78@gmail.com

The work is devoted to the category of a special purpose communication network, which performs the function of data transmission. Provisions are being considered to ensure, in various technologies for building such networks, high requirements for information security, reliability, and message delays. Developed and debugged in the Bauman University (BMSTU) software is one of the variants of the simulator of the multi-path data networks.
Keywords: Switched Virtual Circuit, packet switching, circuit switching, Information Security, reliability, data networks, delay.

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